There are four main types of malignant mesothelioma, categorized by where the disease is found in the body:
Pleural Mesothelioma: This is the most common type of mesothelioma, accounting for about 82.1 percent of cases. It affects the lining of the lungs (pleura).
Peritoneal Mesothelioma: This type of mesothelioma begins in the tissue that surrounds the abdomen (peritoneum).
Pericardial Mesothelioma: This is a rare type of mesothelioma that begins in the pericardium, which is the lining around the heart.
Testicular Mesothelioma: This is another rare type of mesothelioma that begins in the lining of the testicles.
Mesothelioma can also be categorized by cell type. The disease is generally divided into four cell subtype categories that differ in aggressiveness and how they respond to treatment. These cell types include:
Epithelioid: This is the most common cellular subtype, comprising 50-70% of all cases of mesothelioma. It is known as the least aggressive cell type that typically responds best to treatment.
Sarcomatoid: This is a rare cellular subtype and is known as the most aggressive and least responsive to treatment.
Biphasic: This is a combination of both epithelioid and sarcomatoid cells within one tumor.
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